Year 2 Spelling and Grammar
Phonics is taught into Year 2. Pupils continue to use their phonic knowledge to spell words, becoming increasingly aware of alternative phonemes for spelling. For example, the ‘ay’ sound can be spelt in several different ways depending on the word: play, stain, pane, neigh, great, table. Alongside this, pupils are also taught to spell the Year 2 Common Exception Words accurately and apply these independently to their writing.
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Year 2 - Common Exception Words |
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door |
kind |
mind |
behind |
child |
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floor |
children |
wild |
climb |
most |
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poor |
only |
both |
old |
cold |
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because |
gold |
hold |
told |
every |
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find |
great |
break |
steak |
pretty |
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beautiful |
after |
fast |
last |
past |
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father |
class |
grass |
pass |
plant |
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path |
bath |
hour |
move |
prove |
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improve |
sure |
sugar |
eye |
whole |
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many |
clothes |
busy |
people |
water |
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again |
half |
money |
Mr |
Mrs |
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parents |
Christmas |
everybody |
even |
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Year 2 Spelling Rules - List and Explanation
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Rules |
Words (Words in bold are non-statutory example words from NC, words with * are common exception words) |
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Rule 1 The sound ‘n’ spelt ‘kn’ and less often ‘gn’ at the beginning of words. |
knock know knee knitting knife gnat gnaw gnash gnome gnaled |
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Rule 2 The sound /r/ spelt ‘wr’ at the beginning of words. |
write written wrote wrong wrap wrist wreck wrestle wriggle wren |
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Rule 3 The sound /s/ spelt ‘c’ before e, i, and y |
race ice cell city fancy face space bicycle circle spicy |
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Rule 4 The sounds /j/ spelt with ‘-dge’ and ‘-ge’ at the end of words |
badge edge bridge dodge fudge age huge change charge village |
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Rule 5 The sound /j/ often spelt with ‘g’g before e, i and y |
gem giant magic giraffe energy |
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Rule 6 The sounds /j/ always spelt with ‘j’ before a, o, u |
jacket jar jog join adjust |
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Rule 7 The sound /l/ spelt with ‘-le’ at the end of words. |
table apple bottle little middle able wobble multiple dazzle riddle |
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Rule 8 The /l/ sounds spelt el at the end of words. |
camel tunnel squirrel travel towel tinsel bagel hazel vowel jewel |
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Rule 9 The /l/ sound spelt with ‘-il’ and ‘-al’ at the end of words |
pencil fossil nostril pupil metal pedal capital hospital animal oval |
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Rule 10 The /igh/ sound spelt with ‘-y’ at the end of words. |
cry fly dry try reply sly shy terrify sky multiply |
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Rule 11 Adding –ies to nouns and verbs ending in -y |
flies tries replies copies babies carries cries dries marries families |
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Rule 12 Adding –ed, -er and –est to a word ending in –y with a consonant before it. |
copier copied happier happiest cried replied tried dried driest funnier |
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Rule 13 Adding –ing to a word ending in –y with a consonant before it. |
copying crying replying marrying carrying flying trying drying skiing taxiing |
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Rule 14 Adding –ing, -ed, -er, -est and –y to words ending in –e with a consonant before it. |
hiking hiked hiker nicer nicest shiny being shining scary scaring |
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Rule 15 Adding –ing, -ed, -er, -est and –y to words of one syllable ending in a single consonant after a single vowel. |
patting patted humming hummed dropping dropped sadder saddest runner runny |
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Rule 16 The /or/ sound spelt ‘a’ before l or ll |
all ball call walk talk always small wall fall altogether |
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Rule 17 The /u/ sounds spelt with an ‘o’. |
other mother brother nothing Monday money cover honey discover wonder |
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Rule 18 The sound /ee/ spelt with ‘-ey’ |
key donkey monkey chimney valley trolley turkey hockey parsley journey |
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Rule 19 The /o/ sound spelt with ‘a’ after w and qu |
want watch wander quantity squash quality squabble squad quad quarrel |
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Rule 20 The stressed /er/ spelt with ‘or’ after w and the sound /or/ spelt ‘ar’ after ‘w’ |
word work worm world worth worst war warm towards ward |
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Rule 21 The sound /zh/ spelt ‘s’ |
television treasure usual division vision pleasure measure occasion usually leisure |
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Rule 22 The suffixes ‘-ment, ‘-ness’ and ‘-ful’. Including changing ‘y’ to an ‘I’ |
enjoyment sadness careful playful plainness argument merriment happiness plentiful cheerful |
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Rule 23 The suffixes ‘-less’ and ‘-ly’ |
badly hopeless penniless happily lovely joyless slowly quickly careless fearless |
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Rule 24 Words ending in ‘-tion’ |
station fiction motion national section addition subtraction potion option introduction |
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Rule 25 Contractions |
can’t didn’t hasn’t couldn’t it’s wouldn’t shouldn’t wasn’t Mr Mrs |
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Rule 26 Possessive apostrophe |
Megan’s Ravi’s the girl’s the child’s the man’s the woman’s the school’s a dog’s a teacher’s |
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Rule 27 Homophones and Near Homophones |
there their they’re here hear see sea to too two |
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Rule 28 Homophones and Near Homophones |
be bee quite quiet bare bear one won son sun |
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Rule 29 Homophones and Near Homophones |
night knight blue blew hole whole |
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Rule 30 Conjunctions |
because so that or when |
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Rule 31 Months |
January February March April May June July August September October November December |
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Rule 32 Time |
after past hour half minute quarter month second |
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Rule 33 Question words
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who why what how which where when |